NOTES

Regulation and product names:
1. All crops listed above required a determination from the US Department of
Agriculture (USDA) that they were not plant pests under the Federal Plant Pest
Act.

2. Bt crops, in addition to USDA regulation, were approved by the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and
Rodenticide Act and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

3. Before most of the herbicide-resistant crops could enter the food supply, EPA
registered the herbicide for use on the new crop. Sulfonylurea-resistant flax is the
exception because the herbicide is not to be sprayed on the crop. Sulfonylurea-
resistant flax is to be planted only in soils containing sulfonylurea residues.

4. Although not required, all products were the subject of voluntary consultations
with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) about food safety. FDA required
labeling of two products - canola and soybean with altered oils - because the
agency considered the oils to be significantly different from nonengineered
canola and soy oil. The required labels do not divulge that the oils were
obtained from genetically engineered crops.

5. To the extent they are known, the chart lists trade names or company
designations for crops at the time they finished the regulatory process. Once a
crop is commercialized and licensed to other companies, it may be sold under
many other names.

6. Not all crops allowed on the market are currently for sale. In some cases,
engineered crops, such as the FlavrSavr tomato and StarLink corn, may no
longer be available commercially.

Sources:

Webpages of USDA at www.aphis.usda.gov/bbep/bp/index.html ; EPA at www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticide ; FDA at vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/biocon.html ; communications with agency staff and company representatives; Federal Register notices; and agency documents on individual crops.